Asthma and How to Treatment

Lung Asthmatic

This time I will explain about asthma. Asthma is a disease caused by narrowing of the airways. If someone has asthma he would experience difficulty in breathing due to airway in and out of the lungs is inhibited. If a person develops asthma, breathing becomes shallow, and often asthmatic cough. Asthma attacks may occur gradually or suddenly.

  How to prevent asthma symptoms is to look for and eliminate the cause of it. Because the symptoms of asthma could be due to allergies, emotional disturbances, or air condition. When people suffer from asthma symptoms are under 30 years old, usually it is caused by allergies. People with asthma may not be resistant to dust, animals, food, or contact with certain drugs.

Children who develop asthma may be due not resistant to foods made from eggs, milk, and wheat. Therefore, the environmental hygiene of the dust must be considered a good parent. This is often overlooked by parents who live in rural areas so that the rice harvest, their son asthma attacks.

Asthma Treatment And Prevention

Doctors already know that asthma attacks may also be caused by emotional turmoil. For example, when a person has a family or financial problems then asthma symptoms can recur. It may also be caused by emotional turmoil feeling unwanted or unloved. Mental stress and burden of the mind can affect the mental health of a person's respiratory tract.

Doctor's diagnosis is very important in the treatment of asthma symptoms. The medical team will record detailed and complete data from the complaints of the patient. Analysis doctor will examine your eating habits, health and living environment of the patient. If any bit of the above will be examined whether the change is a cause of asthma.

Asthma attacks may recur after visiting the family dog, or after a visit to the beach, or after eating certain foods. People who have asthma are usually given a special diet by a doctor. The food is of course that does not cause asthma have allergies. Hopefully this health information may be useful to you.

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Definition and Types of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is cancer of breast tissue. This is the most common type of cancer suffered by women. Men can also develop breast cancer, although less likely than 1 in 1000 [citation needed]. The most common treatment is surgery and if necessary followed by chemotherapy or radiation.

Types of Breast Cancer

There are several types of breast cancer, but most often is of two types: ductal and lobular carcinoma carcionoma. Ductal carcinoma is a cancer that appears in the ductus or pipelines that transport milk in the breast. Lobular carcinoma is cancer that found in the lobules or milk glands makers. Cancer that has not spread outside the duct or lobule are called in-situ means "in place". When it spreads, it is called invasive or infiltrating.

Ductal Carcinoma

In ductal carcinoma in-situ cancer is located along the channel ASI. At this stage, nearly 100% of cancer patients can be cured. The easiest way to identify ductal carcinoma in-situ is a mammogram on a regular / annual. You can also check it out yourself with a technique called BSE (breast self-checking). If allowed, ductal carcinoma eventually spread to the surrounding tissues. ASI line wall thinning and eventual rupture, then the cancer had spread. The spread can be limited around the origin of the cancer, but can also throughout the body (metastasis) via the blood circulation. Spread mainly to lymph glands in the armpits and other organs such as the bone, liver and lungs. Approximately 70% of breast cancers are invasive ductal carcinoma.

Lobular Carcinoma

In lobular carcinoma in-situ (also called lobular neoplasia), cancer is still not penetrate the wall of the lobules. Potentially invasive lobular carcinoma metastasis and spread to other body parts, starting from the fatty tissue. Approximately 10-15% of breast cancers are invasive lobular carcinoma. This type of cancer does not always cause a lump, but it just makes the affected tissue to thicken so it can be difficult to detect.

Paget's Disease

Type of breast cancer is the cancer most often the nipple, known as Paget's disease. The spread of this cancer begins and spreads to the ductus skin around the nipple and areola (the dark circle around the nipple). The skin around the nipple often feels rough, speckled, red and bleeding. Patients will feel itchy and hot.

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Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors

1. High Cholesterol Levels.

Coronary heart disease is the cause of fatty deposits on the walls of the coronary arteries, which is composed of cholesterol and other waste materials. To reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, you have to keep cholesterol levels in the blood. Cholesterol is a complex fatty compounds naturally produced by the body and beneficial for the formation of cell walls and hormones. Two-thirds of cholesterol produced by the liver (liver), another third is obtained directly from food. Cholesterol in the blood circulated through molecules called lipoproteins. There are two types of lipoproteins, the low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).

LDL transports cholesterol from the liver to body cells. HDL function instead, transports excess cholesterol to the liver for processing and thrown out. Excessive LDL can cause buildup of cholesterol on artery walls so-called "bad cholesterol". Optimal LDL levels are 100-129 mg / dL. Excess LDL causes HDL "overwhelmed" dispose of excess cholesterol. The recommended total cholesterol (HDL + LDL) is below 200 mg / dL (border line = 240).

2. High Blood Pressure / Hypertension.

High blood pressure adds to the heart so that the heart walls thicken / stiffness and increases the risk of coronary heart disease.

There are two blood pressure measurements. Systolic blood pressure is the pressure that comes from the heart throughout the body. Diastolic pressure is the blood pressure re-filling of the heart. In general, people said to suffer from hypertension if the systolic blood pressure / diastolic above 140/90 mmHg.

3. Thrombosis.

Thrombosis is a blood clot in an artery or vein. When thrombosis occurs in the coronary arteries, then you run the risk of coronary heart disease. Thrombosis usually in the vessel wall thickening due to atherosclerosis. Smoking increases the risk of thrombosis by up to several orders of magnitude.

4. Obesity.

Overweight (obesity) increases the risk of high blood pressure and diabetes. People who are overweight also tend to have low levels of HDL / LDL is high.

5. Diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes increases the risk of coronary heart disease, especially if the blood sugar is not well controlled. Two-thirds of people with diabetes die from heart disease and other cardiovascular disorders.

6. Aging.

The risk of coronary heart disease increases with age. The older, diminishing the effectiveness of the body's organs, including the cardiovascular system. More than 80 percent of patients with coronary heart disease over 60 years. Men tend to be more quickly affected than women, a new risk increases dramatically after menopause.

7. Descendants.

Your risk is higher if your parents are also affected by coronary heart disease, especially when it started to develop at the age less than 60 years.

How to Reduce Risk

Although unable to resist aging and affects lineage, you can do the following to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease:

• • Reduce consumption of meat high in saturated fat.
• • Increase eating fruits, vegetables and grains that contain high antioxidants (Vitamins A, C and E). Antioxidants prevent saturated fat turns into cholesterol.
• • Avoid stress. Stress can cause an imbalance of body function, increase blood pressure and make your smoking and overeating.
• • Do not smoke and drink coffee excessively.
• • Diligent exercise. Aerobic exercise for 30 minutes a day, 3-4 times a week can strengthen your heart, burn fat and keep the balance of HDL and LDL.

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Definition of Coronary Heart Disease

Coronary arteries are blood vessels that serve the heart of the food supply to the cells of the heart. Coronary heart disease occurs when the coronary arteries are blocked or narrowed due to fatty deposits, which gradually accumulate in the arterial wall. Accumulation process is called atherosclerosis, and can occur in other arteries, not only in the coronary arteries.

Lack of blood supply due to narrowing of the coronary arteries cause chest pain called angina, which usually occurs during physical activity or stress. If blood does not flow at all because of the blocked coronary artery, the patient can suffer fatal heart attack. Heart attacks can occur anytime, even when you are resting.

Coronary heart disease can also lead to weakened heart pump power so that the blood can not circulate through the body perfectly (heart failure). Patients with heart failure can be hard to breathe because his lungs filled with fluid, feeling very tired, and swelling in the legs and joints.

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Mesothelioma Cancer Treatment

Treatment of Mesothelioma with Photodynamic Therapy

Several experimental therapies are currently being conducted for mesothelioma cancer treatment, one of the most promising is a technique called Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). The difference between cancer pleural mesothelioma and peritoneal mesothelioma Mesothelioma or commonly called asbestos cancer, is a cancer that is very aggressive and deadly, the disease affects the lining the chest (pleural mesothelioma) and abdomen (peritoneal mesothelioma), are generally less responsive to traditional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation. A number of other treatments, such as gene therapy, immunotherapy and alternative approaches may provide hope for people with mesothelioma cancer.

Photodynamic therapy or fotodinamis therapy is one type of mesothelioma treatment is very promising future. This method combines three separate elements are nontoxic, photosensitizing compound, oxygen and visible light. Fotodinamis therapies targeting mesothelioma cancer cells. Usually given during or after surgery to remove the remaining part of the tumor.

Cisplatin and Carboplatin Chemotherapy for Mesothelioma cancer

Unlike chemotherapy and radiation, which tends to have an effect on the body burn patients, Photodynamic Therapy provides a clear advantage that it does not kill healthy cells-non-cancerous cells. This means that the side effects of cancer treatment can be reduced and thus mesothelioma mesothelioma prognosis will be better. In America, Photodynamic Therapy is approved by the Food and Drug Administration-an agency-POM are like in Indonesia for several types of cancer, although its use to treat mesothelioma are still in the experimental stage.

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Definition of Mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer that can only be defined as a malignancy occurs in the mesothelial lining. The mesothelium is a protective tissue which exists as a layer on the outer surface of the body's vital organs including the lungs, heart and stomach. There are three main types of mesothelioma in the human body that includes the type epithelioid, sarcomatoid type and mixed or biphasic type. Mesotheliomas also grouped by network or location. Mesothelioma is Pleural mesothelioma occurs in the lung pleural tissue, while occurring in the abdomen called the peritoneum, peritoneal mesothelioma. Pericardial mesothelioma occurs in the cavity around the heart and testis peritoneal mesothelioma occurs in the testes.

The most predominant cause of Mesothelioma getting exposed to asbestos. According to research, people who are employed as factory workers, miners, insulation manufacturers, railroad workers, ship builders, gas mask factory and construction workers the highest incidence of mesothelioma. These employees can file a lawsuit against the company if the company values ​​profits over human life. Typically, companies do not implement an important prevention technologies and tend to ignore the adverse effects of chemicals harmful to employees. In this situation, the only way to get justice if diagnosed with Mesothelioma is to file a lawsuit. Successful lawsuit may provide a means of financial security for the family and also pay the expenses incurred on medical treatment.

Mesothelioma Diagnosis is difficult because most of the symptoms are similar to many other diseases. Pleural Mesothelioma symptoms were found during respiratory illness including chest and back pain, difficulty swallowing, respiratory distress, persistent cough, fever, nausea and weight loss. Peritoneal mesothelioma symptoms include swelling of the abdomen, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, swollen legs, stomach and vomiting irregular.

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Symptoms and Facts of Lung Cancer

Symptom

Initially, lung cancer does not cause symptoms. When symptoms appear, lung cancer is usually at an advanced stage. Symptoms include:

• • Chronic cough / persistent
• • Chest pain
• • Coughing up blood
• • Increased production of mucus
• • Wheezing (breathing sounds)
• • Shortness of breath
• • bronchitis
• • Hoarseness
• • Pneumonia (lung inflammation)
• • Weight loss
• • Appetite lost
• • Extreme Fatigue

Complaints that may arise depending on the location of tumor growth and spread. Chest pain, for example, is caused by the growth of tumors in the lung membrane or bone.

If you smoke or ex-smoker, you are in a high risk category. Remember that the above symptoms can also indicate other lung problems. The best advice is to see a doctor to determine the cause.

Lung cancer can be easily identified by a simple chest x-ray, or a more specialized type of scan called a CT scan. If you are worried, you can ask your doctor to recommend it.

Furthermore, test and biopsy (sampling) may be required. For example, if you have increased production of mucus (phlegm).

Some important facts about lung cancer

1. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in both men and women. (accounts for approximately 32% of cancer deaths in men and 25% in women).
2. Heavy smokers or ex-smokers represent about 90% of lung cancer patients.
3. Men who smoke one pack a day increased the risk 10 times compared to non-smokers.
4. Men who smoked two packs a day increase the risk more than 25 times compared to non-smokers.
5. The more and the longer you smoke, the greater your risk.
6. Chemicals and compounds in cigarette smoke also cause cancer in addition to other health problems such as stroke and heart disease.

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Classification of Lung Cancer

Lung cancer can be divided into three categories: small cell carcinoma, non-small cell carcinoma and mesothelioma:

1. Small cell carcinoma

About 15% of lung cancers are small cell carcinoma. Cancer is growing and growing fast. In most people, the type of lung cancer is discovered late, when it is not possible to cure.

2. Non-small cell carcinoma

This is the most common type, is found in about 80 percent of patients. This cancer develops slowly over several stages in the lung tissue. The cells are attacked primarily to the cells that line the lungs (main bronchus) and smaller airways.

3. mesothelioma

Mesothelioma is a cancer of the pleural membrane cells in the lungs. Cancer is rare and is strongly associated with exposure to asbestos. The development of mesothelioma is very slow. Sometimes 25-50 years elapse between exposure to asbestos and the development of this disease.

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Definition of Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is the growth of cancer cells that are not controlled in the lung tissue. Pathogenesis of lung cancer is not completely understood. Looks like bronchial mucosal cells metaplastik changes in response to chronic exposure to inhaled particles and injured lung. In response to cellular injury, inflammatory reactions and processes will evolve. Basal cell will undergo mucosal proliferation and differentiated into mucus-secreting goblet cells. It looks like the turn of events caused metaplastik layer columnar epithelium with squamous epithelium, which is accompanied by cellular atipia and increased mitotic activity which developed into mucosal dysplasia. The range of time this process has not been established, only estimated to be between 10 to 20 years.

The origin of the causes of lung cancer cells is still unclear. During these two theories evolve,

• • Theory pleuripotential cell by Auerbach, who explains the deviations that occur in the process of differentiation of stem cells into other cells.
• • Theory of a small cell by Yesner, which explains the small cell neoplasms transforming and evolving into cancer cells

However, it is known that genetic mutations in p73, p53 and PRB, in addition to the role of c-MYB oncogene, c-MYCA, mycc c-, c-raf, L-myc, N-myc, K-taste, c-Fura, N-race, H-ra, c-erbB1, c-fms, c-fes, c-RLF, c-erbB1, c-ErbB2, c-sis, BCL1.

According to WHO, lung cancer is the leading cause of death in the group of cancer in both men and women

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Treatment of Skin Cancer

If you choose the medical treatment of skin cancer, then the action taken is usually surgery or removal of tissue (cancer), or can be the action of radiation. Other methods are also often done is frozen surgery, surgical power, laser, photodynamic along with medicines either topical or injected (chemotherapy).

However, there is also an alternative treatment of skin cancer with herbal plants which now demand a lot of people, as an alternative to an affordable cost. Indonesia is rich in a variety of plants that can be used as a herbal medicine, among many plants that serve as a natural cancer cure, there is one who occupies a position of 'excellent' to cure various types of cancer, including skin cancer, the name of this herb is derived from the ant nest Papuan forest wilderness.

Ants Nest has been empirically proven to get rid of a variety of serious diseases including cancer and tumors. Let us uncover the mystery behind its success. Various studies have been conducted to determine its content plays an important role in crushing of cancer and tumors. The result?

Dr M. Ahkam Subroto, Expert Researcher from LIPI Biotechnology Center, revealed that the active compounds contained in ant nests are flavonoids, tannins and polyphenols that act as antioxidants in the body so it is very appropriate to be used as a cancer drug.

Ant nests contain active compounds antioxidants (tocopherols and phenolic). According to Prof. Dr. Elin Yulinah Sukandar, Professor of Pharmacy ITB, tocopherol content was quite high. Tocopherol functions as an antioxidant and anticancer properties. He counteract free radical attack antidegeneratif way. Compounds rich in vitamin E was also useful as anti-aging.

When we eat a lot of fat and free radicals, tocopherol will handle, "said Ahmad Sulaeman, Nutritionist Doctor Alumnus University of Nebraska Lincoln. Role of vitamin E is vital for health. It prevents unsaturated fatty acids, components of cell membranes from oxidation by free radicals .

Research suggests that the alpha-tocopherol at a concentration of 12 ppm have been able to reduce free radicals by 96%. While ant nests are rich in antioxidant compounds, up to about 313 ppm. So no wonder herb is known to have a rapid response to help suppress cancer, tumors, and various forms lumps that could be a tumor or cancer.

In vitro tests, it is evident that the ant nest as a potent cancer drug. Which proves the efficacy of it is Qui Kim Tran from the University National of Hochiminch City along with colleagues Yasuhiro Tezuka, Yuko Harimaya, and Arjun Hari Banskota working at Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University.

In their study, the Qui Kim Tran using ant nests weighing 2-3 kg, and then extracted with different solvents such as water, methanol, and methanol-water mixture. They then grow three highly metastatic cancer cells can spread to alias other body parts such as cervical cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer.

Each extracted is then given to every cancer cell. The results are truly amazing, Ants Nest apparently has a strong antiproliferation activity! Which inhibits the spread of cancer cells, which spread even faster and abnormal. These stunning properties, making the ant nest as an alternative cancer treatment are much in demand, including for the treatment of skin cancer.

Ants Nest also contains flavonoids that are useful as antioxidants that help to prevent and treat cancer, protect cell structure, increase the effectiveness of vitamin C, anti-inflammatory and as an antibiotic. There are several mechanisms of flavonoid in combating tumors / cancer, such as inactivation of carcinogens, antiproliferation (inhibits the multiplication of abnormal cells in cancer), inhibition of cell cycle, induction of apoptosis and differentiation, angiogenesis inhibition, and reversal of multi-drug resistance or a combination of mechanisms mechanism.

No doubt about it. Ants Nest scientifically proven as a natural cancer cure that really works. Many people have been convinced of the usefulness awesome. As one alternative skin cancer treatment, ant nests has helped many people find healing in a cheap and safe.

With Ants Nest healing of skin cancer can be obtained without having to spend a lot of cost and time. Because according to the users, after 1-2 months they consume these herbs, the body is able to feel any significant change, the cancer stopped spreading and began to shrink in scale.

This is evident from the statement that has been introduced Hendro Saputro ant nest as a medicinal plant since 2001. He revealed that those who ate a lot of the get herbal healing really completely, as in brain cancer, uterine cancer, and prostate cancer. In Natural Magazine, he commented as follows, "average who drank boiled ant nest and get the results after a week and some even three days have seen the results."

A concrete example of the commentary has been perceived by customers Mecodia capsule (product extract ants nest) with cancer, the average reported already feeling the benefits only after using for 1-2 months!

In fact many customers are already undergoing medical treatment with chemical drugs, as well as combine it with Mecodia, and feel the healing process faster than ever before. This fits with the comments contained in Dr Gods Poster Magazine, "Patients who combines antioxidants and chemical medicine physician heal faster than just using chemical drugs."

Similar results were also felt by cancer patients who have used anti-cancer herbs such as Noni Juice and Keladitikus, then combine them with ant nests. Stated that the average perceived healing process gradually felt faster!

Various studies and the positive results from the use of the ant nest as a natural cancer remedy, of course, make herbal ant nests can be used as one of the best options as an alternative treatment of skin cancer, not only because of economic reasons, but in some cases healing can also be obtained without having to through the treatment process that often feels exhausting and painful, surgery, chemotherapy, and without having experienced various other negative side effects due to medical treatment.

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Classification and Symptoms of Skin Cancer

In general, skin cancer were divided into two groups: non-melanotic and melanotic (melanoma). Non-melanotic divided into basalioma (basal cell carcinoma) and squamous cell carcinoma.

Basalioma most frequent but slow growth. Usually these tumors arise in the skin of the face (nose, eyelids, lips, and forehead skin). Growth begins with small nodules with red shiny gray color, sometimes blackish color because of the pigment. Types of metastatic cancer is rarely done.

While squamous cell carcinoma can grow anywhere. But more signage on the cheeks, ears, back, arms and legs. This type of cancer is growing progressive but slow, invade surrounding tissue, and can do metastatic. Growth starts from wart-like form groups, then irregularly shaped, berbenjol-bumps and bleed easily.

Types of melanoma skin cancer is the most malignant tumor of the skin melanocytes derived from the skin cells that produce the pigment melanin. It usually occurs in the neck, legs, and back. Symptoms of melanoma growth can be seen from the changes in moles that grow quickly, itch, become inflamed, bleeding, and changes in color and texture.

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Definition of Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is the growth of cells in the skin at the level of the abnormal. Causes of skin cancer is different and the level of malignancy was different. Skin cancer most commonly occurs in the lining of squamous cell carcinoma, basal and melanocytes. Skin cancer usually grows in the epidermis (the outermost layer of skin), so a tumor (lump) can be seen from the outside, so that the skin cancer is a type of cancer most easily found symptoms in its early stages. Skin cancer is also the least risk of cancer death in people, it is because the skin is rarely able to reach vital organs such as the heart, lungs, kidneys and brain stem in humans.

When the skin is often itchy rash, often irritated, hardened surface, lest skin cancers are ready to 'devour' your skin. Skin cancer is one of the easiest cancers to be prevented and treated. However, the disease is often poorly known. Basically everyone can experience skin cancer. High-risk groups are those related to excessive sunlight for a long time. Alternatively, those with a bit of melamine content in the skin such as the ones with bright colors.

Owner eye colors are also more at risk of skin cancer than black people. Its also prone to skin cancer are people who live in areas that get a lot of sun as asia region. Or who work in the open air as farmers, sailors, construction workers and others. Similarly, people who like to do outdoor activities such as tennis players, surfers and bask in the sun. Thus we must be alert to the possibility of skin cancer in old age group, skin color or are exposed to bright sunlight.

Skin cancer can also occur due to direct contact with carcinogenic substances (such as coal, pesticides, paraffin oil), and can also result associated with the remnants of radioactive and radium. In addition, skin cancer that can be experienced by people who often experience repeated burns, such as welders, oil and others.

KNOW YOUR SKIN CANCER

Types of skin cancer are basal cell, squamous cell and malignant melanoma. The first two types are the most common and less dangerous than malignant. Basal cell carcinoma most commonly found in people with bright color on a daily basis dealing with a lot of sunshine. The most frequently attacked skin cancer is found in the nose, eyelids, cheeks or body. Cancer is characterized by bumps on the surface of the skin, soft crust, the hand injury occurs, the limit seems like a wax with the former slightly thickened skin.

Can also be obtained leather flat with the middle red and the former hardened lumps. Although basal cell kasinoma is a form of skin cancer that most often occurs, but this type of cancer grows slowly, and rarely spreads easily overcome. Squamous cell carcinoma usually occurs on sun-exposed areas, especially the head and hands of this skin disorder and can be opaque solids or solids stand shaped like a big mushroom. This type of cancer can spread quickly.

Malignant Melanoma is a form that is more rare but spread the fastest and require the most intensive treatment. Melanoma usually are found on the skin, moles or patches since birth. but it can also occur diamana including under the nails, mucus membranes and heels. Forms of interference can be a little bump (less than 1.5 cm) fester or crusty, flat or raised and can be black, gray or blue. If the cancer has spread, to form one of the three forms that are difficult to distinguish, namely: lentigines (flat, horizontal growth), surface (well defined, horizontal growth) or modular (palpable, growing vertically).

WE NEED TO WATCHING

Examination of the skin in a simple to find the existence of signs of skin cancer can be done alone by SSE (skin self-examination), especially on any skin, mole or scar tissue patches from birth. SSE is recommended every month at the same time as each date one evening after a shower. For women SSE can dlakukan concurrently with BSE (breast self examination) breast self-examination or realize.

In addition to signs such as the SSE is observed, it is also necessary to observe signs of change as traditional as the growth of new skin that is not fair, the wound does not heal or a certain part of the skin that often become irritated. If there are a variety of conditions as mentioned above it is advisable to consult a doctor immediately. There is and whether the cancer can be confirmed by biopsy, to suspect that when skin cancer. the first step. Rapid self-examination can prevent this disease.

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How to Prevent and Overcome Hypertension

To prevent high blood pressure for those who still have normal blood pressure or high blood pressure for those who already have high blood pressure, the following practical suggestions you can do:

• • Reduce consumption of salt in your food. If you already have high blood pressure you should avoid foods that contain salt.
• • Consumption of foods containing potassium, magnesium and calcium. Potassium, magnesium and calcium can reduce high blood pressure.
• • Reduce drinking alcoholic beverages or food. If you suffer from high blood pressure, you should avoid excessive alcohol consumption. For men who suffer from hypertension, amount of alcohol is permitted a maximum of 30 ml of alcohol per day while women 15 ml per day.
• • Regular exercise can lower high blood pressure. If you suffer from high blood pressure, choose light exercise such as walking, cycling, running relaxed, and swimming. Do it for 30 to 45 minutes a day 3 times a week.
• • Eat vegetables and fruits that are high in fiber such as green vegetables, bananas, tomatoes, carrots, cantaloupe, and oranges.
• • Run anti-stress therapy to reduce stress and you are able to control your emotions.
• • Quitting smoking also contributes greatly to reducing high blood pressure or hypertension.
• • Control your cholesterol levels.
• • Take control of your diabetes.
• • Avoid drugs that can increase blood pressure. Consult your doctor if you are receiving treatment for a particular disease, to ask for drugs that do not increase blood pressure.

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Causes of Hypertension

There are several things that can cause a person has high blood pressure. There are factors that cause high blood pressure that you can not control. There is also that you can control so that it can cope with high blood pressure. Some of these factors include:

Descendants

This factor can not you control. If someone has a parent or relative who has high blood pressure, then it is likely he suffered from high blood pressure is greater. Statistics show that the problem of high blood pressure is higher in identical twins than identical twins are not. A study showed that there is evidence derived genes for high blood pressure problems.

Seniors

This factor can not you control. Research shows that as people grow older, blood pressure will rise. You can not expect that your blood pressure will be the same as young as you get older. But you can control so as not to pass the upper limit of normal.

Salt

These factors can you control. Salt can increase blood pressure in some people quickly, especially for diabetics, people with mild hypertension, people with old age, and those who were black.

Cholesterol

These factors can you control. Excess fat in your blood, it can cause cholesterol deposits in blood vessel walls. It can make blood vessels constrict and blood pressure will increase as a result. Control your cholesterol as early as possible. For tips on controlling cholesterol, please see the following article: cholesterol.

Obesity / Overweight

These factors can you control. People who have a body weight above 30 percent ideal body weight, are more likely to suffer from high blood pressure.

Stress

These factors can you control. Stress and emotionally unstable conditions can also trigger high blood pressure.

Cigarette

These factors can you control. Smoking can also increase blood pressure to be high. Smoking habits may increase the risk of diabetes, heart attack and stroke. Therefore, smoking habits continued when having high blood pressure, is a very dangerous combination that will trigger diseases related to heart and blood.

Caffeine

These factors can you control. Caffeine is found in coffee, tea and cola drinks can cause increased blood pressure.

Alcohol

These factors can you control. Excessive alcohol consumption also causes high blood pressure.

Poor Sports

These factors can you control. Lack of exercise and movement can cause increased blood pressure in the body. Regular exercise can lower your high blood pressure but do not do heavy exercise if you suffer from high blood pressure.

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Definition of Hypertension

Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure, sometimes also called arterial hypertension, is a chronic medical condition with increased blood pressure in the arteries. This increase causes the heart to work harder than normal to circulate blood through the veins. Blood pressure involves two measurements, systolic and diastolic, depending on whether the muscle of the heart contracts (systolic) or relaxes between beats (diastole). Normal blood pressure at rest is in the range of systolic (upper reading) 100-140 mmHg and diastolic (lower reading) 60-90 mmHg. High blood pressure occurs when the constant is at 140/90 mmHg or more.

Hypertension hypertension divided into primary (essential) hypertension or secondary. Approximately 90-95% of cases classified as "primary hypertension," which means high blood pressure with no obvious medical cause. Other conditions that affect the kidneys, arteries, heart, or endocrine system causing 5-10% of cases (Secondary hypertension) .

Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke, myocardial infarction (heart attack), heart failure, arterial aneurysm (eg aortic aneurysm), peripheral arterial disease, and causes of chronic kidney disease. Even a modest increase in arterial blood pressure associated with a shorter life expectancy. Changes in diet and lifestyle can improve blood pressure control and reduce the risk of health-related complications. Despite this, the drug is often necessary for some people if lifestyle changes alone prove ineffective or insufficient.

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The Characteristics of Brain Cancer

Before you understand more about brain cancer symptoms, you need to understand the structure of the human brain first. The brain is an important organ that regulates all activities / movements of the human body. Imagine you're on a motorcycle, how many activities you do? See the road, drive, look left and right, see the rearview mirror, balance, yet again, thinking about what to eat tonight ... In one second, there riburan things happen in your brain (both of which occur consciously or unconsciously).

The brain can be multitasking like this because of all the activity is regulated by different brain parts (each part has a different function). In general, the human brain is divided into three parts, namely a large brain (cerebrum), cerebellum (cerebellum) and brain stem (brain stem). Each section is divided into smaller parts, where each small part is divided again, and so on. Interstellar space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (cerebrospinal fluid), while the exterior is protected by three layers of the lining of the brain (meninges) and skull.

Well, every part of the brain can be affected by tumors / cancer. Although the tumor is benign, but because of the growth in the brain, can be very dangerous. The tumor may interfere with and damage the central nervous system structure, as it is located within a finite cavity (cranial cavity). Along with the development of these tumors, brain tissue will be more depressed. Though the volume of cranial cavity is very limited and is unlikely to grow. This is what makes the headaches / dizziness as an initial symptom of brain cancer.

Baseline characteristics of brain cancer varies greatly, depending on the part of the brain affected. For example headache or feel nauseated. Here are the symptoms of brain cancer that you should be aware of:

• • headache accompanied by nausea to vomiting spraying
• • reduced visibility
• • impairment of consciousness or behavior changes
• • speech impairment
• • hearing loss
• • impaired walking / balance of the body
• • neurological disorders
• • weakened limbs or seizures
• • infants are usually large protruding crown

Remember, the above list is only a symptom. Even if you experience one or more of the above symptoms, you are not necessarily affected by brain cancer. To be sure, you should be examined immediately by a physician neurologist and undergo further examination such as CT scan, MRI, angiogram, myelogram, spinal tap and biopsy.

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Common Symptoms of Brain Tumor and Cancer

Brain tumor is a disease that attacks the brain. Because the brain is one of the most important organs of the body, other organs can be affected, so that death may occur. Brain tumors can affect anyone, even children and adolescents, but in general, tumors invade the productive age or older.

Although deadly, brain tumors do not always result in death. Today medical science has developed rapidly, diagnostic techniques and treatment has given hope for brain tumor patients.

Several factors affect prognosis (life expectancy) patients with brain tumors, among others: the ability of early detection; ability to know the exact location of the tumor in the brain; edge diagnostic technologies and therapies (surgery) such as CT scan, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Image), a microscope.

The brain has different parts and different functions, so symptoms that occur when the brain cancer became different also. Common symptoms of brain cancer depend on which part of brain cancer that grows.

Common Symptoms of Cerebral

Symptoms of brain cancer is in the form of mild mental changes or called psychomotor asthenia. Mild mental changes can be felt by the immediate family of the patient. Examples of mild mental changes are easily offended, like emotions, forgetfulness, mental activity slow labile and lost the initiative.

brain cancer: an example of the location of brain cancer Includes general cerebral symptoms is the loss of spontaneity, likely to be found and also the occurrence of anxiety / depression. Symptoms of brain cancer is progressing progressive and can be found in 2 of 3 cases.

Head Pain

Next is a symptom of brain cancer with the occurrence of headache. Experts estimate that 1% of the cause of the headache is due to brain cancer. And an estimated 30% of the initial symptoms also occur brain tumors and brain cancer is experiencing pain in the head.

The nature of the headache varies. Ranging from mild and episodi, moderate, and even brain cancer symptoms severe and throbbing headache. Symptoms of brain tumor headache is generally at night gain weight.

Including when I wake up in the morning and turned the high elevation of intracranial pressure. The presence of pain in the head with psychomotor asthenia and this needs to be aware of the occurrence of suspected brain tumor or brain cancer.

Gag

Symptoms of brain cancer with the occurrence of vomiting was found in 30% of cases. And general symptoms of brain cancer vomiting is accompanied by headache. In case of headache accompanied by vomiting it is necessary to be aware that this is a symptom of brain cancer.

Seizures

Symptoms of brain cancer seizures are early symptoms of tumor / brain cancer was found in 25% of patients with brain cancer and found more than 35% kaksus seizures at an advanced stage. As well there were an estimated 2% of the cause of the seizures is a tumor / brain cancer.

Best fits to watch and suspected cause of seizures is a tumor / brain cancer when experiencing seizures in status: epilepsy. Seizures was found in 70% of tumors in the brain cortex. Found in 50% of patients with astrositoma, 40% in patients with meningioma, and 25% in glioblastoma.

Symptoms of brain cancer

Among other symptoms of brain cancer is the alias of reduced visibility from less alert. Including interference in the talks and pendengara. Among them is also the disruption in the running (balance) and neurological disorders. If the baby is usually bigger crown and prominent.

What I wrote above is just a symptom. But that does not mean in the event of any of these symptoms in you or your family was then convicted of brain cancer, it's not necessarily obvious brain cancer. To make sure you can consult and check into the nearest hospital or doctor.

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Symptoms of Mesothelioma

Symptoms of mesothelioma may not appear until 20 to 50 years after exposure to asbestos. Shortness of breath, cough, pain, and in the chest due to an accumulation of fluid in the pleural space are often symptoms of pleural mesothelioma.

Symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma include weight loss and cachexia, abdominal swelling and pain due to ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity). Other symptoms of peritoneal mesothelioma may include bowel obstruction, blood clotting abnormalities, anemia, and fever. If the cancer has spread beyond the mesothelium to other parts of the body, symptoms may include pain, trouble swallowing, or swelling of the neck or face.

These symptoms may be caused by mesothelioma or by other, less serious conditions. Mesothelioma that affects the pleura can cause signs and symptoms:

• • Pain in the chest wall
• • Pleural effusion, or fluid surrounding the lung
• • Shortness of breath
• • Fatigue or anemia
• • Wheezing, hoarseness, or cough
• • Blood in the sputum (fluid) cough (hemoptysis)

In severe cases, the person may have many tumor masses. The individual may develop a pneumothorax, or collapse of the lung. This disease may metastasize, or spread, to other parts of the body.

Tumors that affect the abdominal cavity often do not cause symptoms until they are at the final stage. Symptoms include:

• • Abdominal pain
• • Ascites, or an abnormal buildup of fluid in the abdomen
• • A mass in the abdomen
• • Problems with bowel function
• • Weight loss

In severe cases of the disease, the following signs and symptoms may be present:

• • Blood clots in the veins, which may cause thrombophlebitis
• • Disseminated intravascular coagulation, a disorder causing severe bleeding in many body organs
• • Jaundice, or yellowing of the eyes and skin
• • low blood sugar levels
• • Pleural effusion
• • Pulmonary embolism, or blood clots in the arteries of the lungs
• • Severe ascites

A mesothelioma does not usually spread to the bone, brain, or adrenal glands. Pleural tumors are usually found only on one side of the lungs.

Staging of mesothelioma is based on the recommendation by the International Mesothelioma Interest Group. TNM classification of the primary tumor, lymph node involvement, and distant metastases do. Mesothelioma is staged la-IV (one-A to four) based on the TNM status.

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Causes of Liver Cancer

The exact cause is still unknown, but there are several factors suspected as a cause of liver cancer are:

• Hepatitis B virus infection and Hepatitis C.
• Cirrhosis of the liver.
• Hereditary predisposition.
• Ras.
• Parasitic infections Clonorchis sinensis.
• Foods containing ingredients hepatokarsinogenik (fungus aflatoxin, alcohol).
• Many consume drugs.
• Dye.
• Buata sweetener.

Such food is the reason so Cause.

This is because the function of the liver is a detoxification from drugs or food that enters the body so that more frequent consumption of foods containing ingredients mentioned above, then the liver will be heavier.

These toxins accumulate in the liver is what can cause liver damage. To diagnose a liver cancer, a thorough physical examination is required and the examination in the laboratory such as, Liver function tests.

• Test sign of viral hepatitis.
• Test sign of tumor.
• Ultrasound tests.
• CT-Scan.
• Hepatic angiographic.
• Liver biopsy.
• Laparoscopy.

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Coverage Problems and Symptoms of Liver Cancer

Coverage Issues Liver Cancer

Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer in the world. A deadly cancer, liver cancer will kill almost all patients who suffer from it within a year. In 1990, the World Health Organization estimates that there are approximately 430,000 new cases of liver cancer worldwide, and a similar number of patients who died as a result of this disease. Approximately three-quarters of the cases of liver cancer are found in Southeast Asia (China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan). Liver cancer is also very common in sub-Saharan Africa (Mozambique and South Africa).

The frequency of liver cancer in Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa is greater than 20 cases per 100,000 population. In contrast, the frequency of liver cancer in North America and Western Europe is much lower, less than five per 100,000 population. However, the frequency of liver cancer among Alaska Natives were comparable to those to be found in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, recent data show that the frequency of liver cancer in the United States as a whole increases. This increase was due primarily to chronic hepatitis C, a liver infection that causes liver cancer.

Symptoms of Liver Cancer:

• Quickly tired.
• Body feels weak.
• Often shivering in the night.
• Fever in the morning.
• Weight dropped drastically.
• Often feel pain in the back and shoulders.
• Sometimes coughing or vomiting blood.
• The entire skin becomes yellow.
• distended abdomen.
• Upper abdominal pain.
• Black stools.
• swollen feet.

Hepotema liver cancer or a malignancy of the liver, both primary and secondary. Primary liver cancer means that the cancer cells begin to grow out of the liver cells themselves which in turn could spread and damage other organs. While in secondary liver cancer caused by the spread of cancer from elsewhere, for example from gastrointestinal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and so on.

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Definition of Liver Cancer

Liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma) is a cancer arising from the liver. He is also known as primary liver cancer or hepatoma. Heart formed from cell types are different (for example, bile ducts, blood vessels, and fat storage cells). However, liver cells (hepatocytes) form up to 80% of the liver tissue. Thus, the majority of primary liver cancers (over 90 to 95%) arises from liver cells and is called hepatocellular cancer (hepatocellular cancer) or carcinoma (carcinoma).

When patients or physicians-doter speak of liver cancer, however, they are often referring to cancer that has spread to the liver, which has been derived from other organs (such as the colon / large intestine, stomach, pancreas, breast, and lung) . More specifically, this type of liver cancer is called a disease (cancer) of the liver metastatic or secondary liver cancer. Thus, the term liver cancer actually can refer to metastatic liver cancer or hepatocellular cancer. The subject of this article is hepatocellular carcinoma, which I will refer to as liver cancer.

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Development of Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer name derived from the name of Dr. Alois Alzheimer, the German physician who first discovered the disease in 1906. Dr. Alzheimer noticed changes in the brain tissue of women who die from mental disorders who had never met before.

The observation of surgery, Alzheimer discovered the brain's nerve is not only shrinking, even filled with sediment protein called amyloid plaques and fiber neuro fibrillary convoluted.

Although the disease is discovered nearly a century ago, he was not as popular as other diseases, such as heart disease, hypertension, Pernafasen Severe Acute Syndrome (SARS) and so on.

Publications on Alzheimer's disease is still low, many people are not aware of the disease until publicly disclosed by the former President of the United States 40th, Ronald Reagan in a letter dated 5 November 1994.

In about 1950 an estimated 2.5 million people worldwide suffer from this disease, and reached six billion people in 2000. WHO estimates that more than one billion people aged over the age of 60 or 10 percent of the world population suffering from Alzheimer's in 2003.

This increase is due to the growing number of elderly people in the world, increasing the life span up to 80 years for women and 75 years for men. In addition, the maintenance of better health, declining marriage rate, divorce increased and they were married but not many children.

Recent clinical research suggests supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids may slow menurunan cognitive function in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease.

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Alzheimer's Disease Prevention

Taking fish oil, exercising regularly and filling activities puzzles are being touted beneficial for the brain. But according to recent studies, there is no strong evidence that it can prevent disease Alzheimer.Sebuah expert panel consisting of experts concluded, supplements, drugs or social interaction has not been shown to prevent degeneration of the brain. The expert group was observed dozens of research that suggests ways to prevent Alzheimer's, a disease that damages the brain and can not be treated. But it has not found any evidence strong enough impact on prevention.

There is no consistent definition of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline in conditions that cause it. Doctors do not fully understand how the disease develops. For example, there is disagreement about whether the amyloid plaques found in the brains of people with the cause of the disease or just the symptoms. Currently, there are few drugs to treat Alzheimer's, but the effect is only sementara.Serangan Alzheimer's disease is characterized by a gradual loss of the power of thought, and can ultimately be a total mental disability. Early symptoms of Alzheimer's is easy to forget the things that are done and new things. Patients also experience disorientation of time and difficulty of complex cognitive functions such as mathematics or activities of the organization.

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by severe progressive memory loss to interfere with daily activities, disorientation places, people and time, as well as in self-care problems, such as forgetting to replace pakaian.Penderita disease usually also experience behavioral changes such as depression, paranoia, or aggressive. People who have a family history of Alzheimer's are at risk experience and risk is increased if both parents suffer from Alzheimer's.

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Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease

Following the discovery of kinom in humans, protein kinases have become the second most important priority in the recovery effort, and therefore can be modulated by small molecule ligands. The role of kinases in the molecular trajectories neurons continue to be studied, but some of the main path has been found. A protein kinase, CK1 and CK2, was found to have a role that has not been known, the molecular pathology of several neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral amiotrofik. Search of specific organic compounds inhibiting this enzyme works in both, now it has become a challenge in the treatment of diseases mentioned above.

Donepezil

Donepezil is a drug taken orally to treat Alzheimer's disease low level to medium. Donepezil is available in oral tablet form. Usually taken once a day before bedtime, before or after meals.

Your doctor will give you a low dose at first and then increased after 4 to 6 weeks. Side effects that often occur while taking donepezil were headache, whole body pain, lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, cramps, joint pain, insomnia, and increased frequency of urination.

Rivastigmine

Rivastigmine is a drug taken orally to treat Alzheimer's disease low level to medium. After six months of treatment with Rivastigmine, 25-30% of patients rated improved on tests of memory, understanding, and daily activities than in patients given placebo only 10-20%.

Rivastigmine is usually given twice a day after meals. Because of its side effects on the gastrointestinal tract at the beginning of treatment, treatment with Rivastigmine generally start with a low dose, usually 1.5 mg twice daily, and gradually increased not more than 2 weeks.

The maximum dose is usually up to 6 mg twice daily. If the patient is experiencing indigestion worse because of side effects such as nausea and vomiting, medication should be stopped for a few doses and then continued with the same dose or lower. Approximately half the patients taking Rivastigmine be nausea and vomiting at least once a third, often occurs in the first few weeks of treatment in treatment when the dose increased. Between one-fifth to one quarter of patients experience weight loss during treatment with Rivastigmine (about 7 to 10 pounds).

A sixth patient had a decrease in appetite. One of the fifty patients experiencing dizziness. Overall, 15% of patients (between one-seventh or one-sixth) discontinued treatment due to side effects.

Memantine

Memantin is a drug taken orally to treat diseases Alzhaimer Moderate-to-severe degree by a mechanism distinct and unique keja by improving the process of glutamate signaling. The drug is started with a low dose of 5 mg every week for 3 weeks to achieve the optimal dose of 20 mg / day.

For drug selection dementia or Alzheimer's drug is right it's good you have to consult and consult a doctor.

More about → Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease

Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease

Simtoma klinis

Gejala-gejala Demensia Alzheimer sendiri meliputi gejala yang ringan sampai berat. Sepuluh tanda-tanda adanya Demensia Alzheimer adalah :

• Gangguan memori yang memengaruhi keterampilan pekerjaan, seperti; lupa meletakkan kunci mobil, mengambil baki uang, lupa nomor telepon atau kardus obat yang biasa dimakan, lupa mencampurkan gula dalam minuman, garam dalam masakan atau cara-cara mengaduk air,

• • Kesulitan melakukan tugas yang biasa dilakukan, seperti; tidak mampu melakukan perkara asas seperti menguruskan diri sendiri.
• • Kesulitan bicara dan berbahasa
• • Disorientasi waktu, tempat dan orang, seperti; keliru dengan keadaan sekitar rumah, tidak tahu membeli barang ke kedai, tidak mengenali rekan-rekan atau anggota keluarga terdekat.
• • Kesulitan mengambil keputusan yang tepat
• • Kesulitan berpikir abstrak, seperti; orang yang sakit juga mendengar suara atau bisikan halus dan melihat bayangan menakutkan.
• • Salah meletakkan barang
• • Perubahan mood dan perilaku, seperti; menjadi agresif, cepat marah dan kehilangan minat untuk berinteraksi atau hobi yang pernah diminatinya.
• • Perubahan kepribadian, seperti; seperti menjerit, terpekik dan mengikut perawat ke mana saja walaupun ke WC.
• • Hilangnya minat dan inisiatif

Orang yang sakit juga kadangkala akan berjalan ke sana sini tanpa sebab dan pola tidur mereka juga berubah. Orang yang sakit akan lebih banyak tidur pada waktu siang dan terbangun pada waktu malam.

Secara umum, orang sakit yang didiagnosis mengidap penyakit ini meninggal dunia akibat radang paru-paru atau pneumonia. Ini disebabkan, pada waktu itu orang yang sakit tidak dapat melakukan sembarang aktivitas lain.

Simtoma paraklinis

Pada otak penderita Alzheimer, ditemukan:

• • penumpukan peptida dengan panjang 42-43 AA yang disebut amiloid-beta, dikelilingi neurita distrofis. Amioid beta merupakan protein iris dari APP (bahasa Inggris: amyloid precursor protein)
• • filamen PH yang menumpuk di dalam soma,
• • suatu lesi yang disebut badan Lewy
• • rasio proNGF yang tinggi. ProNGF merupakan prekursor hormon NGF yang sering juga ditemukan memiliki rasio tinggi pada manusia berusia lanjut
• • rasio protein S100-beta yang tinggi, sebuah protein yang selalu dijumpai pada fase perkembangan neurita. Interaksi antara protein S100-beta dan tau dianggap merupakan simulator perkembangan neurita.
• • tingginya rasio kemokina CCL2 yang merupakan kemotaksis utama dari monosit.
• • gangguan metabolisme glukosa serebral pada area hipokampal, dan hilangnya neurotransmiter kolinergic kortikal, dan rendahnya laju O-GlkNAsilasi pada otak kecil. O-GlkNAsilasi adalah salah satu proses glikosilasi modifikasi paska-translasi dari protein nukleositoplasma dengan beta-N-asetil-glukosamina yang bergantung pada metabolisme glukosa.
• • defisiensi CD36 atau EAAT.

More about → Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease

Risk of Alzheimer's Disease

• people with hypertension who reach the age of 40 years and over
• People with diabetes
• Lack of exercise
• High cholesterol levels
• Heredity - have family who suffer from this disease at the age of 50's.

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Classification and Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease

Classification

• Alzheimer's with dementia.

Until now there are differing opinions about the relationship between Alzheimer's and vascular dementia.

Some scientists believe that vascular dementia is on track aterogenis dyslipidemia, especially with a short chain and unsaturated LDL, carotid atherosclerosis, high systolic blood pressure and an increase in the ratio of IR-UII (English: plasma levels of immunoreactive), while Alzheimer's is on another track, namely hiposomatomedinemia and hypogonadism.

Another scientist found as pathogens of vascular dementia that accompanies Alzheimer's on track inflammation of atherosclerosis, or even suggested that atherosclerosis is an inflammatory trigger hypoperfusion of the brain and result in Alzheimer's.

• Alzheimer accompanied by ataxia.

• or a combination of both.

Pathophysiology

Simtoma Alzheimer's is characterized by changes that are degenerative in some neurotransmitter systems, including changes in the function of neural systems that release monoaminergik glutamic acid, noradrenaline, serotonin and a series of systems that are controlled by neurotransmitters. Degenerative changes also occurred in several areas of the brain such as the temporal lobe and parietal lobe, and parts of the frontal cortex and cingulate gyrus, followed by the loss of nerve cells and synapses.

Sekretase- and presenilin-1 is an enzyme that functions to slice the C-terminus domain in AAP and release molecules from the kinesin enzyme cluster. Apoptosis occurs in nerve cells covered the amyloid plaques that still contained the C-terminus of the molecule, and does not occur if the molecule has been cut. This is inferred by the team of Howard Hughes Medical Institute, led by Lawrence S. B. Goldstein, the terminus-C carrying the signal to the neuron apoptosis. Signal apoptosis was also expressed by proNGF is not cut, when bound to p75NTR neurotrofin perceiving, and sortilin hormone stimulated.

Suspected due to the buildup of plaque induced apolipoprotein-E, which acts as kaperon protein, vitamin B1 defiensi controlling cerebral glucose metabolism such as O-GlkNAsilasi, and the lack of an enzyme that is made up of complex compounds such as thiamine-alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, pyruvate dehydrogenase, transketolase, O- GlcNAc transferase, protein phosphatase 2A, and beta-N-asetilglukosaminidase. This resulted in an increase in cerebrospinal zalir pressure, decreasing the ratio of the hormone CRH, and igniting simtoma hypoglycemia in the brain, although the body has hyperglycemia.

In addition to presenilin-1 enzyme dysfunction that triggers simtoma ataxia, there are enzymes that cause Cdk5 and GSK3beta hiperfosforilasi tau protein, to form a pile PHF. Hiperfosforilasi also be a barrier formed between protein ligation S100beta and tau, and cause neurita dystrophy, although the zinc metabolic disorders may also prevent ligation.

Simtoma induces hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia also hiperfosforilasi protein tau and amyloid-beta oligomerasi which resulted in the accumulation of amyloid plaques. But despite oligomerasi induces insulin amyloid-beta, insulin also inhibits the enzyme activity of the enzyme and kaspase kaspase-9-3 that also carry signals apoptosis, and stimulates the secretion of Hsp70 by LAN5 cell to cell activating defense programs.

There is a minor controversy with allegations that hiperfosforilasi was caused by a latent infection by measles virus, or Borrelia. Seven of the 10 cases examined by the Alzheimer's McLean Hospital Brain Bank of Harvard University, suggests this kind of infection.

More about → Classification and Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease

Definition of Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease is not contagious, but rather a kind of syndrome with apoptosis of brain cells at the same time, so that the brain seems to shrivel and shrink.

Alzheimer's disease is also said to be synonymous with parents. The risk for Alzheimer's increases with age. Starting at age 65, a person has a five percent risk of this disease and will be doubling every five years, a doctor said. According to him, even if the disease is associated with a parent, but history proves that free pesakit menghidap certainly the first known disease is women in their early 50's.

Alzheimer's disease most commonly found in older people aged around 65 years and over. In developed countries like the United States is found to be more than 4 million elderly people with Alzheimer's disease. This figure is expected to rise to nearly 4 times in 2050. This is related to the higher life expectancy in the developed countries, so that the elderly population increases.

In the early stages of Alzheimer's, decreased vascular risk factors may complicate the diagnosis of this syndrome, but reduces the speed of the development of dementia.

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Symptoms of AIDS

The symptoms of AIDS are primarily the result of conditions not normally develop in individuals with healthy immune systems. Most of these conditions are infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites that are normally controlled by the elements of the immune system that HIV damages.

People with AIDS also have an increased risk of developing various cancers such as Kaposi's sarcoma and cervical cancer is cancer of the immune system known as lymphomas. Additionally, people with AIDS have systemic symptoms of infection like fevers, sweats (particularly at night), swollen glands, chills, weakness, and weight loss. The specific opportunistic infections that AIDS patients develop depends in part on the prevalence of these infections in the geographic area where the patient lives.

Lung Infection

Pneumocystis pneumonia (originally known as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and still abbreviated as PCP which now stands for P neumo ystis p neumonia c) is relatively rare in healthy, immunocompetent people, but common among HIV-infected persons. It is caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii.

Prior to the diagnosis, treatment and routine prophylaxis in Western countries, it is common direct cause of death. In developing countries, it is still one of the first indications of AIDS in untested individuals, although it does not generally occur unless the CD4 count less than 200 cells per uL of blood.

Tuberculosis (TB) is unique among infections associated with HIV because it is transmissible to immunocompetent people via the respiratory route, easily treatable once identified, can occur in the early stages of HIV disease, and is preventable with drug therapy. However, multidrug resistance is a serious problem.

Even though its incidence has declined because of the use of directly observed therapy and other improved practices in Western countries, this is not the case in developing countries where HIV is most prevalent. In the early stages of HIV infection (CD4 count> 300 cells per uL), TB typically presents as a pulmonary disease. In advanced HIV infection, TB often appears atypically with extrapulmonary (systemic) disease a common feature. Symptoms are usually constitutional and are not localized to one particular site, often affecting bone marrow, bone, urinary and gastrointestinal, liver, regional lymph nodes, and central nervous system.

Gastrointestinal Infections

Esophagitis is an inflammation of the lining of the lower end of the esophagus (gullet or swallowing tube leading to the stomach). In HIV-infected individuals, this is usually due to a fungal infection (candidiasis) or viral (herpes simplex-1 or cytomegalovirus). In rare cases, it could be due to mycobacteria.

Unexplained chronic diarrhea in HIV infection is due to many possible causes, including common bacterial (Salmonella'''','' Shigella'','''' or'''' Listeria Campylobacter) and parasitic infections, and no opportunistic infections common such as cryptosporidiosis, microsporidiosis, Mycobacterium avium complex'''' (MAC) and viruses, astrovirus, adenovirus, rotavirus and cytomegalovirus, (the latter as a course of colitis).

In some cases, diarrhea may be a side effect of some medications used to treat HIV, or it may simply accompany HIV infection, particularly during primary HIV infection. It may also be a side effect of antibiotics used to treat bacterial causes of diarrhea (common for Clostridium difficile''''). In the later stages of HIV infection, diarrhea is considered as a reflection of changes in the way the intestinal tract absorbs nutrients, and may be an important component of HIV-related wasting.

Neurological and psychiatric involvement

HIV infection can lead to a variety of neuropsychiatric sequelae, either by infection of the now susceptible nervous system of organisms, or as a direct result of the disease itself.

Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by a single-celled parasite called Toxoplasma gondii''''; usually infects the brain, causing toxoplasma encephalitis, but it can also infect and cause disease in the eyes and lungs. Cryptococcal meningitis is an infection of the membranes (membranes covering the brain and spinal cord) by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans''''. It can cause fever, headache, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. Patients may also develop seizures and confusion; untreated, can be deadly.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease, in which the gradual destruction of the myelin sheath covering the axons of nerve cells damage the transmission of nerve impulses. It is caused by a virus called JC virus which occurs in 70% of the population in latent form, causing disease only when the immune system is very weak, as is the case for AIDS patients. It is rapid, usually causing death within months of diagnosis.

AIDS dementia complex (ADC) is a metabolic encephalopathy induced by HIV infection and fueled by immune activation of HIV infected brain macrophages and microglia. These cells are productively infected by HIV and secrete neurotoxins of both host and viral origin. Specific neurological disorder manifested by cognitive, behavioral, and motor abnormalities that occur after years of HIV infection and is associated with low CD4 + T cells and viral load levels are high.

The prevalence of 10-20% in Western countries but only 1-2% of HIV infections in India. This difference may be due to the HIV subtype in India. AIDS related mania is sometimes seen in patients with advanced HIV disease, but it presents with more irritability and cognitive impairment and less euphoria than a manic episode associated with true bipolar disorder. Unlike the latter condition, it may have a more chronic course. This syndrome is less often seen with the advent of multi-drug therapy.

Tumors and malignancies

Patients with HIV infection have substantially increased incidence of several cancers. This is primarily due to co-infection with an oncogenic DNA virus, especially Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) (also known as human herpesvirus-8 and human papillomavirus (HPV).

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common tumor in HIV-infected patients. The appearance of this tumor in young homosexual men in 1981 was one of the first signals of the AIDS epidemic. Caused by a virus called Kaposi's sarcoma gammaherpes associated herpes virus (KSHV), often appears as purplish nodules on the skin, but can affect other organs, especially the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs. High-grade B cell lymphomas such as Burkitt's lymphoma, Burkitt's-like lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and primary central nervous system lymphoma appear more frequently in HIV-infected patients. Particular cancers often foreshadow a poor prognosis. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) or KSHV cause many of these lymphomas. In HIV-infected patients, lymphoma often arises in extranodal sites such as the gastrointestinal tract. When they occur in HIV-infected patients, KS and aggressive B-cell lymphoma that gives a diagnosis of AIDS.

Invasive cervical cancer in HIV-infected women is also considered AIDS-defining. This is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV).

In addition to AIDS-defining tumors listed above, HIV-infected patients increases the risk of certain other tumors, especially cancer Hodgkin's disease, anal and rectal carcinomas, hepatocellular carcinoma, head and neck, and lung cancer. Some of these are causes by viruses, such as Hodgkin's disease (EBV), anal cancer / rectum (HPV), head and neck cancers (HPV), and hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatitis B or C). Other factors include exposure to carcinogens (cigarette smoke for lung cancer), or living for years with subtle immune defects.

Interestingly, the incidence of common tumors, such as breast cancer or colon cancer, does not increase in HIV-infected patients. In areas where HAART is widely used to treat AIDS, the incidence of many AIDS-related malignancies has decreased, but at the same time malignant cancers overall have become the most common cause of death of HIV-infected patients. In recent years, increasing the proportion of these deaths have been from non-AIDS-defining cancers.

Other infections

AIDS patients often develop opportunistic infections that present with non-specific symptoms, especially low-grade fevers and weight loss. These include opportunistic infections with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare'''' and cytomegalovirus (CMV). CMV can cause colitis, as described above, and CMV retinitis can cause blindness.

Penicilliosis because'''' Penicillium marneffei now the third most common opportunistic infection (after extrapulmonary tuberculosis and cryptococcosis) in HIV-positive individuals in endemic areas of Southeast Asia.

Infection that often goes unrecognized in AIDS patients parvovirus B19. Its main consequence is anemia, which is difficult to distinguish from the effects of antiretroviral drugs used to treat AIDS itself.

More about → Symptoms of AIDS

Definition of AIDS Diseases

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS abbreviated) is a collection of symptoms and infections (or: syndrome) is caused by damage to the human immune system caused by HIV infection, or infection of other viruses that attack similar to other species (SIV, FIV, etc.).

Self virus called Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV for short) is the virus that weakens the immunity of the human body. People who are exposed to the virus will become vulnerable to opportunistic infections or tumors susceptible. Although there has been handling can slow the spread of the virus, but the disease is not completely curable.

HIV and the virus-like viruses are generally transmitted by direct contact between the skin layers (mucous membrane) or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, preseminal fluid, and breast milk. Transmission can occur through sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, or oral), blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, or other forms of contact with the body fluids.

Scientists have generally found that HIV originated in sub-Saharan Africa. Today AIDS has become a disease. AIDS estimated 38.6 million people worldwide. In January 2006, UNAIDS in collaboration with the WHO estimate that AIDS has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognized on June 5, 1981. Thus, this disease is one of the deadliest plague in history. AIDS claimed to have caused the death of as many as 2.4 to 3.3 million in 2005 alone, and more than 570,000 of them are children. Antiretroviral treatment can actually reduce the death rate and severity of HIV infection, but access to treatment is not available in all countries.

Social penalty for people with HIV / AIDS, are generally more severe when compared with other deadly disease. Sometimes the social punishment were also tertimpakan to health workers or volunteers, who are involved in caring for people living with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA).

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